Battery electric multiple units (BEMUs) have emerged as a viable alternative to diesel trains as part of the move towards sustainable rail transport. However, the current market is dominated by larger BEMUs designed to operate on main routes, neglecting the specific needs of secondary routes. These lines often have a unique set of operational challenges such as lower passenger volumes, shorter distances, and less advanced infrastructure. This thesis investigates the suitability of shorter BEMU vehicles for branch line operations, assessing their potential to improve operational efficiency and reduce environmental impact.
A multi-criteria analysis methodology was developed to evaluate the performance of short and large BEMUs on a variety of route scenarios derived from the German railway network. The study incorporates technical, economic, and environmental criteria to assess the compatibility of vehicles with different line characteristics. Real data from the Baden-Württemberg railway network and results from the SteFanS study were used to validate the approach. This analysis also extends to an estimate of the general market potential for shorter BEMUs in Germany.
The results show that shorter BEMUs may offer significant advantages for non-electrified branch lines, as they minimize infrastructure upgrading while maintaining operational reliability. However, the viability of their development will depend on a sufficient demand from the market and the willingness of policy makers to invest in this modern technology. The results contribute to the strategic planning of rail network modernization. This will ensure that branch lines remain an integral part of the transition to zero emission transport.